Educators often encounter students with limited English proficiency. While language barriers can affect learning, young children can quickly pick up a new language. The biggest challenges often lie outside the classroom, like adjusting to
a new country.
With patience, love, and the right techniques, English Language Learners (ELLs) can thrive if teachers use effective strategies and tips for teaching english, and support kids both academically and socially, building confidence and a sense of belonging.
What Does ESL Instruction Look Like in Schools?
ESL instruction varies widely based on the school, district, state, and region. Federal guidelines exist, but states regulate ELL programs differently, and districts have unique implementations tailored to their student populations. Resources and personnel also vary greatly, with some private schools lacking dedicated ESL services or trained staff.
Common Models Include:
Pull-Out vs. Push-In Services
In “pull-out” services, ESL-certified teachers provide separate sessions. “Push-in” services involve co-teaching with the general educator, allowing for tailored lesson plans within the same classroom.
Resource Rooms
For students new to English, resource rooms replace the mainstream classroom when needed to catch up on language and subjects like math and reading.
Programs for Bilingual and Dual Language Education
In dual language programs, students learn both English and their native language. For example, Spanish-speaking students split their day between Spanish and English instruction, promoting quicker second language acquisition.
Strategies for General Education Teachers
Supporting ELL students can be challenging. Here are some effective strategies:
Use a Buddy System
Pair ELL students with strong learners for group activities. Peer interaction helps them pick up everyday phrases and improve grammar.
Organize vocabulary around related themes.
Teach vocabulary in context, linking new words to current themes to make them relatable and easier to understand.
Utilize Technology
Use educational apps like Google Translate, Duolingo, and interactive grammar games for additional support. Many resources like English worksheets for kids are free or low-cost.
Pre-teach and Reteach
Introduce complex words before they appear in texts. Plan for reteaching and retesting to ensure mastery, following RTI guidelines.
Incorporate ESL Strategies During Group Reading Sessions
- Use facial expressions, gestures, and visual aids.
- Display real items related to concepts.
- Draw explanations on the whiteboard.
- Use simple, level-appropriate sentences.
Scaffold Learning
Divide assignments into smaller, manageable sections and offer tailored support for individual learning needs. Consult your ESL coordinator for resources like bilingual dictionaries or assistive devices, and preview information regularly to offer reteaching as necessary.
Parents and Teachers Working Together
Effective communication between teachers and parents is crucial for student success and development. Use school staff for translation during conferences if needed.
Parents should:
- Communicate openly and assist with language and academics.
- Stay informed on policies and curricula.
- Encourage bilingualism and celebrate home cultures.
- Learn alongside children using educational videos and apps like Brainpop, FluentU, Talented & Gifted, Sesame Street, and Leap Frog.
- Read in their native language or use wordless picture books to create stories in both languages.
Teaching English as a second language is challenging but can be made easier with effective strategies.
